Currency - World

Currency
A currency is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins. A more general definition is that a currency is a system of money in common use within a specific environment over time, especially for people in a nation state. Under this definition, the British Pound Sterling (£), euros (€), Japanese yen (¥), and U.S. dollars (US$) are examples of (government-issued) fiat currencies. Currencies may act as stores of value and be traded between nations in foreign exchange markets, which determine the relative values of the different currencies. Currencies in this sense are either chosen by users or decreed by governments, and each type has limited boundaries of acceptance; i.e., legal tender laws may require a particular unit of account for payments to government agencies.

Other definitions of the term "currency" appear in the respective synonymous articles: banknote, coin, and money. This article uses the definition which focuses on the currency systems of countries.

One can classify currencies into three monetary systems: fiat money, commodity money, and representative money, depending on what guarantees a currency's value (the economy at large vs. the government's physical metal reserves). Some currencies function as legal tender in certain jurisdictions, or for specific purposes, such as payment to a government (taxes), or government agencies (fees, fines). Others simply get traded for their economic value.

Digital currency has arisen with the popularity of computers and the Internet. Whether government-backed digital notes and coins (such as the digital renminbi in China, for example) will be successfully developed and utilized remains dubious. Decentralized digital currencies, such as cryptocurrencies, are different because they are not issued by a government monetary authority; specifically, bitcoin, the first cryptocurrency and leader in terms of market capitalization, has a fixed supply and is therefore ostensibly deflationary. Many warnings issued by various countries note the opportunities that cryptocurrencies create for illegal activities such as scams, ransomware, money laundering and terrorism. In 2014, the United States IRS issued a statement explaining that virtual currency is treated as property for Federal income-tax purposes, and it provide examples of how long-standing tax principles applicable to transactions involving property apply to virtual currency.

ISO Currency Symbol Significant figures
AFN Afghan afghani Ø‹ 2
ALL Albanian lek L 2
DZD Algerian dinar دج 2
AOA Angolan kwanza Kz 2
ARS Argentine peso $ 2
AMD Armenian dram ֏ 2
AWG Aruban florin Æ’ 2
AUD Australian dollar $ 2
AZN Azerbaijani manat ₼ 2
BSD Bahamian dollar $ 2
BHD Bahraini dinar د.ب 3
BDT Bangladeshi taka ৳ 2
BBD Barbados dollar $ 2
BYN Belarusian ruble Br 2
BZD Belize dollar $ 2
BMD Bermudian dollar $ 2
BTN Bhutanese ngultrum Nu 2
BOB Boliviano Bs 2
BAM Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark KM or КМ 2
BWP Botswana pula P 2
BRL Brazilian real R$ 2
BND Brunei dollar $ 2
BGN Bulgarian lev лв 2
BIF Burundian franc Fr 0
XPF CFP franc â‚£ 0
KHR Cambodian riel ៛ 2
CAD Canadian dollar $ 2
CVE Cape Verde escudo Esc or $ 2
KYD Cayman Islands dollar $ 2
XAF Central African CFA franc Fr 0
CLP Chilean peso $ 0
COP Colombian peso $ 2
KMF Comoro franc Fr 0
CDF Congolese franc Fr 2
CRC Costa Rican colon â‚¡ 2
HRK Croatian kuna kn 2
CUC Cuban convertible peso $ 2
CUP Cuban peso $ 2
CZK Czech koruna Kč 2
DKK Danish krone kr 2
DJF Djiboutian franc Fr 0
DOP Dominican peso $ 2
XCD East Caribbean dollar $ 2
EGP Egyptian pound £ or جم 2
ERN Eritrean nakfa Nfk 2
ETB Ethiopian birr Br 2
EUR Euro € 2
FKP Falkland Islands pound £ 2
FJD Fijian dollar $ 2
GMD Gambian dalasi D 2
GEL Georgian lari ₾ 2
GHS Ghanaian cedi ₵ 2
GIP Gibraltar pound £ 2
XAU Gold 0
GTQ Guatemalan quetzal Q 2
GNF Guinean franc Fr 0
GYD Guyanese dollar $ 2
HTG Haitian gourde G 2
HNL Honduran lempira L 2
HKD Hong Kong dollar $ 2
HUF Hungarian forint Ft 2
ISK Icelandic króna kr 0
INR Indian rupee ₹ 2
IDR Indonesian rupiah Rp 2
IRR Iranian rial ï·¼ 2
IQD Iraqi dinar عد 3
ILS Israeli new shekel ₪ 2
JMD Jamaican dollar $ 2
JPY Japanese yen ¥ 0
JOD Jordanian dinar دا 3
KZT Kazakhstani tenge ₸ 2
KES Kenyan shilling Sh 2
KWD Kuwaiti dinar دك 3
KGS Kyrgyzstani som с 2
LAK Lao kip â‚­ 2
LBP Lebanese pound لل 2
LSL Lesotho loti L 2
LRD Liberian dollar $ 2
LYD Libyan dinar لد 3
MOP Macanese pataca P 2
MKD Macedonian denar ден 2
MGA Malagasy ariary Ar 2
MWK Malawian kwacha MK 2
MYR Malaysian ringgit RM 2
MVR Maldivian rufiyaa Þƒ 2
MRU Mauritanian ouguiya 2
MUR Mauritian rupee ₨ 2
MXV Mexican Unidad de Inversion 2
MXN Mexican peso $ 2
MDL Moldovan leu L 2
MNT Mongolian tögrög ₮ 2
MAD Moroccan dirham د م. 2
MZN Mozambican metical MT 2
MMK Myanmar kyat Ks 2
NAD Namibian dollar $ 2
NPR Nepalese rupee ₨ 2
ANG Netherlands Antillean guilder Æ’ 2
TWD New Taiwan dollar $ 2
NZD New Zealand dollar $ 2
NIO Nicaraguan córdoba C$ 2
NGN Nigerian naira ₦ 2
KPW North Korean won â‚© 2
NOK Norwegian krone kr 2
OMR Omani rial رع. 3
PKR Pakistani rupee ₨ 2
XPD Palladium 0
PAB Panamanian balboa B/ 2
PGK Papua New Guinean kina K 2
PYG Paraguayan guaraní ₲ 0
PEN Peruvian sol S/ 2
PHP Philippine peso ₱ 2
XPT Platinum 0
PLN Polish złoty zÅ‚ 2
GBP Pound sterling £ 2
QAR Qatari riyal رق 2
CNY Renminbi ¥ or 元 2
RON Romanian leu lei 2
RUB Russian ruble ₽ 2
RWF Rwandan franc Fr 0
SHP Saint Helena pound £ 2
SVC Salvadoran colón 2
WST Samoan tala T 2
SAR Saudi riyal رس 2
RSD Serbian dinar дин or din. 2
SCR Seychelles rupee ₨ 2
SLL Sierra Leonean leone Le 2
XAG Silver 0
SGD Singapore dollar $ 2
SBD Solomon Islands dollar $ 2
SOS Somali shilling Sh 2
ZAR South African rand Rs 2
KRW South Korean won â‚© 0
SSP South Sudanese pound £ 2
XDR Special drawing rights 0
LKR Sri Lankan rupee Rs රු or ரூ 2
SDG Sudanese pound جس. 2
SRD Surinamese dollar $ 2
SZL Swazi lilangeni L 2
SEK Swedish krona kr 2
CHF Swiss franc Fr 2
SYP Syrian pound £ or لس 2
STN São Tomé and Príncipe dobra 2
TJS Tajikistani somoni ЅМ 2
TZS Tanzanian shilling Sh 2
THB Thai baht ฿ 2
TOP Tongan paʻanga T$ 2
TTD Trinidad and Tobago dollar $ 2
TND Tunisian dinar دت 3
TRY Turkish lira ₺ 2
TMT Turkmenistan manat m 2
UGX Ugandan shilling Sh 0
UAH Ukrainian hryvnia â‚´ 2
CLF Unidad de Fomento 4
AED United Arab Emirates dirham دإ 2
USD United States dollar $ 2
UYU Uruguayan peso $ 2
UZS Uzbekistan som so'm or сўм 2
VUV Vanuatu vatu Vt 0
VES Venezuelan bolívar BsS. or Bs. 2
VND Vietnamese đồng ₫ 0
CHE WIR Bank 2
CHW WIR Bank 2
XOF West African CFA franc Fr 0
XUA XUA 0
YER Yemeni rial ï·¼ 2
ZMW Zambian kwacha ZK 2
ZWL Zimbabwean dollar 2