Anadyrsky District (Anadyrskiy Rayon)
In terms of area, this is the largest district in the autonomous okrug. The district is located in a mountainous region, the peaks of which provide the catchment areas for the Anadyr River and its tributaries. The district is home to a large number of indigenous peoples as well as Russians and Ukrainians. Humans have been living in what is now Anadyrsky District for at least five thousand years. Following the foundation of the first Russian-speaking settlements by Semyon Dezhnyov, this territory became the key part of the region in terms of trade, exploration, and administration, which still continues today.
Anadyrsky District is the largest district within Chukotka, with the territory of the district corresponding closely to the basin of the Anadyr River. It covers much of the interior of Chukotka. The eastern border consists of a coastline on the Bering Sea.
The vastness of the district means that natural conditions within it vary considerably, from the mountainous tundra found in the north, to impenetrable woodland in the south, to wind-lashed coast to the east. The district, particularly its eastern part, is dominated by the 800 km long Anadyr River, which forms an estuary known as the Anadyrsky Liman emptying into the Gulf of Anadyr. All of the major inhabited localities on the territory of the district (Anadyr, Ugolnye Kopi, and Shakhtyorsky) are found on the banks of this estuary. The boundary between the estuary and the Gulf of Anadyr is marked by the Russkaya Koshka (where "koshka" is a local term meaning "a spit"). The vast majority of all inhabited localities of any size are to be found either along the Anadyr or one of its tributaries.
The Anadyr Highlands and Pekulney mountain range are found in the north and northwest of the district, within which the upper reaches of the Anadyr River drain.
More southerly tributaries of the Anadyr River, such as the Mayn, have their sources in the spurs of the Koryak Mountains in the south of the district. Lake Maynits is located in the central part of the Ukvushvuynen Range and lakes Vaamochka and Pekulney are coastal lagoons that lie on the southern side of the range. The Khatyrka river forms the boundary in the southern part of the district. The northern part of the Komeutyuyam Range is in the district. The northeasternmost extent of the taiga is found in the west of the district, on Opalyonnaya Mountain, near the selo of Markovo.
A large part of the district is covered by the Anadyr Valley, consisting of two distinct sections: a plain extending from Anadyrsky Liman in the east approximately 500 km to Markovo and a more elevated region within the Shchuchy Range. For a district dominated by a major river and its tributaries, it is unsurprising that the interior is dominated by wetlands covering tens of thousands of square kilometers. These wetlands create innumerable small lakes, although only there is only one large lake, Lake Krasnoye with the area of 458 km2, in the entire district. The Anadyr Valley opens out into a large estuary containing the Onemen Bay and the Gulf of Anadyr. The district is also home to Lake Elgygytgyn, found in the center of an impact crater created just under three and a half million years ago.
The easternmost part of the district is covered by the Uelkalskaya tundra, and the area of the Anadyr Estuary contains a number of shingle spits and intertidal silt flats.
Map - Anadyrsky District (Anadyrskiy Rayon)
Map
Country - Russia
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Currency / Language
ISO | Currency | Symbol | Significant figures |
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RUB | Russian ruble | ₽ | 2 |
ISO | Language |
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CE | Chechen language |
CV | Chuvash language |
KV | Komi language |
RU | Russian language |
TT | Tatar language |